What is Health Insurance in Germany (Krankenversicherung)?
Quick definition
Health insurance is mandatory for everyone living in Germany — you must choose between public (gesetzliche) and private (private) insurance.
How it works
Germany has a dual health insurance system: public (Gesetzliche Krankenversicherung / GKV) and private (Private Krankenversicherung / PKV). Most employees earning below the threshold (€73,800/year in 2026) must join public insurance. Those earning above can choose private. Public insurance costs around 14.6% of gross salary (split between employer and employee) and covers family members for free. Private insurance premiums are based on age, health, and coverage level. For visa purposes, you must show proof of health insurance — either a confirmation from a German public insurer or a qualifying private policy.
Why it matters
You cannot get a residence permit without health insurance, and you cannot start employment without it. Choosing between public and private has long-term implications — switching back from private to public is difficult.
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